Resolvase



Resolvase or recombinase (Rec) is a nuclease which is involved in DNA recombination. The Holliday junction resolvase (HJR) resolves 4-way DNA intermediates known as Holliday junctions. Recombination of 2 DNA sites occurs when recombinase binds to the 2 strands. According to the binding residue, the recombinases are grouped to Tyr- and Ser-recombinase. Tyr-recombinases include Cre, FLP and lambda integrase (LamInt). Ser-recombinases (S-rec) include gamma-delta resolvase (GDR), Tn3 resolvase and phiC31 integrase. RadA recombinase promotes DNA recombination. The images at the left and at the right correspond to one representative resolvase structure, i.e. the crystal structure of Ydc2 (also known as SpCce1), a Holliday junction resolvase from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe that is involved in the maintenance of mitochondrial DNA (1kcf). Two sulfate ions are shown as space filling objects. Detailed analysis of its dimeric structure suggests mechanisms for junction isomerization and communication between the two active sites.

Holliday junction resolvase
2wiw, 2wiz, 2wj0 – AfHJR+DNA – Archaeoglobus fulgidus

2wcw, 2wcz – AfHJR (mutant)

2h8c – EcHJR (mutant) +DNA – Escherichia coli

1gdt - EcHJR +DNA

2h8e - EcHJR (mutant)

1q8r, 1hjr – EcHJR

1hjr – EcHJR RuvC

1zp7 – HJR – Bacillus subtilis

1ob8, 1ob9, 1hh1 – SsHJR – Sulfolobus solfataricus

2fco – HJR – Geobacillus kaustophilus

1ipi, 1gef – HJR – Pyrococcus furiosus

1kcf – HJR – fission yeast

Ser-recombinase
2rsl - EcGDR

1hx7 – EcGDR N-terminal – NMR

1ght, 1res, 1ret, 1ght – EcGDR catalytic domain – NMR

1gdr, 1hx7 - EcGDR catalytic domain

2gm4, 1zr2, 1zr4, 1gdt – EcGDR+DNA

2gm5 – EcGDR (mutant)

3guv – site-specific recombinase – Streptococcus pneumoniae

2r0q – S-rec+DNA – Staphylococcus aureus

3lhf – SsS-rec

Tyr-recombinase
3mgv, 3c28, 3c29, 2hof, 2hoi, 1xns, 1xo0, 1pvp, 1pvq, 1pvr, 1nzb, 1ouq, 1q3u, 1q3v, 1ma7, 1kbu, 1drg, 1f44, 2crx, 3crx, 4crx, 5crx, 1crx – EpCre+DNA – Enterobacteria phage PI

3etl, 3ew9, 3ewa, 2i1q – MmRadA Rec+AMPPNP+ion – Methanococcus maripaludis

2b21 - MmRadA Rec+AMPPNP

2zub, 2zuc, 2zud, 2dfl – SsRadA

2cvf, 2cvh – RadB Rec – Thermococcus kodakarensis

2f1h, 2fpl, 2fpm - MvRec+AMPPNP+K – Methanococcus voltae

2f1i – MvRec+AMPPNP

2f1j, 2fpk - MvRec+ADP

1a0p – EcXerd Rec

Integrase
2a3v – Rec INTI4+DNA – Vibrio cholerae

3bvp – Integrase N-terminal – Lactococcus phage

2oxo – LamInt binding domain – phage

1z19 – EpLamInt core binding +catalytic domain+DNA

1z1b, 1z1g, 1p7d – EpLamInt+DNA

1kjk – EpLamInt N-terminal – NMR

1ae9 – EpLamInt catalytic core

1p4e, 1m6x – yFLP (mutant)+DNA – yeast

1flo - yFLP +DNA

1aih – HP1 integrase catalytic domain - bacteriophage